1. Breakfast cereal

The packages scream nutrition messages at you: “Good source of vitamin D!” “High in fiber.” “Antioxidants.” And for years, we’ve been told that breakfast cereal is a healthy, wholesome way to start the day. But if that’s the case, why is it nearly impossible to find a box in the cereal aisle without an array of synthetic vitamins and minerals added in? The reason: Without help from added nutrients, many cereals would have very little nutrition and wouldn’t be able to make all those salubrious claims.

Cereal processing is damaging to both vitamins and fiber, so much of what exists naturally in the grains — which may not be a whole lot to begin with — often doesn’t survive the journey to your breakfast bowl. To compensate, manufacturers add fiber ingredients and sprinkle in the equivalent of a multivitamin.

2. Subway sandwiches

Subway has done an outstanding job of promoting itself as the “fresh” and healthy alternative to fast food, and to some extent, these accolades are deserved. Much of the chain’s food has fewer calories, fat and sodium than what you get at McDonald’s and the like. But unless you’re getting a sandwich with nothing but veggies, there’s very little about it that’s “fresh.” Even though Subway bakes its bread inside the stores, it’s definitely not Grandma’s homemade loaf going into those ovens.

The dough is produced in one of 10 large, industrial factories around the country, where it’s loaded up with additives like DATEM (short for diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono- and diglycerides), sodium stearoyl lactylate, potassium iodate, ascorbic acid and azodicarbonamide. That last one — azodicarbonamide — is known to break down into a carcinogen when heated and is a chemical used in the production of foamed plastics. When a tanker truck carrying this substance overturned on a Chicago highway several years ago, city fire officials had to issue their highest hazmat alert and evacuate everyone up to a half mile downwind. Mmmmm, fresh!

3. Light yogurt

It may sound like you’re doing yourself a favor by cutting down on the excessive sugar so often found in containers of flavored yogurt, but what’s often added in to replace the sugar — namely artificial sweeteners — may be even worse. Aspartame and other chemical sweeteners have been linked to strokes and depression, and there’s little evidence to suggest that they help anyone lose weight. If anything, fake sweeteners can boost our cravings for the real thing.

And light yogurt can have other unwholesome, non-yogurt ingredients like modified corn starches, preservatives and artificial colors. You’re better off getting plain yogurt and adding in your own sweetener like honey or choosing a vanilla-flavored variety, as these often have less sugar than the fruit flavors.

4. Protein bars

When used in their whole form to make things like tempeh, miso and tofu, soybeans are a nutritious legume packed with fiber, calcium, iron, potassium, folate and several B vitamins. But by the time soybeans become soy protein — the main ingredient in protein bars — nearly everything nutritious except protein has been lost or discarded. More of a food-like product than a food, soy protein sits at the end of a long, complex soy processing chain that starts with the removal of fat from soybeans using hexane, a neurotoxic product of petroleum refining.

And although the FDA allows products that contain a certain level of soy protein to carry a health claim stating that soy protein reduces the risk of heart disease, the American Heart Association says there is no scientific basis for such a benefit and has asked the FDA to revoke this claim.

5. Reduced fat peanut butter

A strange thing happens when you start trying to remove some of a food’s integral components, in this case the fat in peanut butter. Once it’s gone, you have to replace it with something, otherwise the whole thing won’t taste right. So when manufacturers take out some of the fat to make this supposedly healthier peanut butter, they doctor the product up by adding in more sugar. For instance, simple versions of peanut butter contain two grams of (naturally-occurring) sugar per serving.

Jars of regular Jif have three grams and reduced fat Jif weighs in with four. This is not a good thing because science now clearly shows that sugar is worse for us than fat. Plus, much of the fat found in peanuts happens to be one of the more beneficial ones — it’s monounsaturated, much like that in olive oil.

6. Vitaminwater

These drinks may be better than soda, but that’s not saying much. A bottle of regular Vitaminwater delivers a walloping 32 grams of sugar (versus 70 grams in soda). And the origins of all those “reviving” and “immunity” boosting vitamins might surprise you since they’re not coming from anything resembling food. Vitamin B1 starts with a coal tar chemical, B3 is made from a waste product in the production of nylon, and vitamin C starts with a corn-based ingredient called sorbitol. Vitamin D, amazingly, comes from sheep grease.

And although these industrially produced vitamins can be beneficial, most of us are getting plenty of them already, either from vitamin supplements or other fortified foods. What we’re not getting enough of, however, is fiber and antioxidants, which are found abundantly in fruits and vegetables. So you’re far better off drinking water and then eating an orange than chugging a sugary, orange-flavored vitamin pill.

7. Gluten-free snacks and baked goods

The booming trend of gluten-free shows no signs of abating and food companies are riding the wave. And while gluten-free products are eagerly welcomed by those who suffer ill effects from eating wheat, there’s often a nutritional tradeoff. Gluten-free products can be little more than concoctions of refined grains and sugar since it’s very difficult to make gluten-free products with whole grains and still make them taste good.

But without whole grains, your gluten-free bread isn’t going to have any (naturally occurring) fiber, B vitamins or antioxidant compounds. For healthy gluten-free foods, look for packages of gluten-free products that list a whole grain, such a brown rice flour, as the first ingredient.

“… For in surviving the Titanicdisaster, he had broken two cultural taboos. Not only had Hosono chosen ignominious life over an honorable death, he had done so in public - on a European passenger liner with the eyes of the world upon him. Hosono was denounced as a coward by Japanese newspapers and fired from his job with the Transportation Ministry. The ministry hired him back a few weeks later, but his career never recovered. College professors denounced him as immoral, and he was written up in Japanese textbooks as a man who had disgraced his country. There were even public calls for him to commit hara-kiri - ritual suicide - as means of saving face. Hosono never did kill himself, but there must have been times when he wished he’d died on the Titanic. He never spoke of the experience again, and forbade any mention of it in his home. After he died in 1939, a broken and forgotten man, his letter to his wife, written on what is believed to be the only surviving piece ofTitanic stationery, sat in a drawer until 1997, when the blockbuster film Titanicstaged its Tokyo premiere. Then the Japanese public’s interest in the doomed liner’s lone Japanese passenger was renewed again, this time with much more sympathy.”